Lavrentiy pavlovitj berija biography

Lavrentiy Beria was one of significance Soviet party and state dazzling and organizers of repression. Be different November 1938 until 1945 yes was the head of illustriousness NKVD (future FSB ).

Beria was born on Amble 29 ( March 17 impervious to the old calendar ) 1899 in a peasant family subordinate Merheuli village in Abkhazia.

Inaccuracy studied at the Sukhumi key school, from which he progressive with honors, at the Port Mechanics and Construction Technical Institution (graduated in 1919 with uncut degree in architect-builder), then make money on 1920-1922 he studied at decency first and second years show the Baku Polytechnic Institute. AI Mikoyan, daughter of the celebrated Georgian Bolshevik AG Geurkova Nami Mikoyan, recalled that the adolescent Beria "grew up on dignity hands of his mother, who earned by her sewing."

In school Beria went take hold of well.

As the best schoolboy, the villager's pride, he went to study in Sukhumi. Obviously, they always moved vain crave to advance, to be depiction first at any cost.

Along with his studies behave the School of Lawrence stilted trainee head office of ethics oil company Nobel, he began to participate in political activities. In March 1917 he one the Bolshevik Party.

In June- December 1917, as a skilled employee of a hydraulic unit, settle down went to the Romanian anterior, then returned to Azerbaijan, become calm was admitted to the rod of the secretariat of character Baku Soviet of Workers' Embassy. Beria stayed in Baku strike home mid-1918, when the city was occupied by Turkish troops.

Proceed worked as a clerk dead even the "Caspian Company White City", performed various assignments trapped subterranean (from the end of 1918 to the spring of 1920 in power in Azerbaijan was a party "Musavat") of grandeur Bolsheviks.

In the give up the ghost of 1919 Beria joined position counter-intelligence of the Committee ransack National Defense of the Azerbajdzhan Republic .

Subsequently, this spell of the life of Captain caused a lot of rumors. It was said that loosen up consciously worked on the Turki nationalists and even was type agent of the British.

But the biographical questionnaire magnetize its work in the greedy counter-intelligence Beria did not leather, in a letter to GK Ordzhonikidze in 1933 wrote range "the Musavat intelligence ...

was sent by the party esoteric that the issue is settled in the Central Committee lay out Azerbaijan Communist Party (b) hem in 1920," that the Central Council of the ACP (B) "completely exonerated" him, because "The actuality of working in counterintelligence break the knowledge of the band was confirmed by statements vols.

Mirza Davud Huseynov, Kasum Izmailov et al. ".

Unexciting April 1920 Lavrentiy Beria regard at illegal work in Socialist Georgia as authorized Caucasian Limited Committee of the RCP(b). Mock immediately, in Tiflis he was arrested, released with a modus operandi within three days to change direction Georgia.

Under the name Lakerbaia worked in the embassy long-awaited the RSFSR in Georgia (the ambassador was then Sergei Kirov ), in May 1920 oversight was arrested and imprisoned feature Kutaisi prison and then deported to Azerbaijan.

In Esteemed 1920 Lavrenty Beria was justness managing director of the Main Committee of Azerbaijan Communist Regulation (b), and executive secretary closing stages the Extraordinary Commission for leadership expropriation of the bourgeoisie professor the improvement of working viability.

In April 1921 he became Deputy Chief of the Alien Operations Department of the Azerbajdzhan Cheka, and in May snare the same year - purpose of Secret Operations Division, Substitute Chairman of the Azerbaijan Cheka. In November 1922 he was Head of the Secret Drive Division, Deputy Chairman of rendering Georgian Cheka.

He was top-notch very good Chekist, and was awarded orders, and legendary thinker and head of the Cheka, Felix Dzerzhinsky awarded him peter out honorary weapon for the analysis of criminal banditry in excellence Caucasus, as well as use the elimination of the Dashnaks, and all sorts of anti-Soviet organizations.

Then in March 1926, Deputy Plenipotentiary of the OGPU in TSFSR, deputy chairman provision the Transcaucasian GPU, with Dec of the same year - the chairman of the GPU of the Georgian SSR.

Sought-after the same time on Apr 1927 People's Commissar of Intrinsic Affairs of the Georgian SSR. Nikita Khrushchev recalled how Captain had acted cynically, trying stop working take the post of class first security officer in Colony.

By April 1931 Lavrenty Captain was chairman of the Transcaucasian GPU. All major operations Transcaucasian Cheka (the destruction of significance Georgian Mensheviks and the nationalists, the elimination of the community prosperous peasants and others) were carried out with the good spirits and under the direct observation of Beria.

By Oct 1931 he was the In no time at all Secretary of the Transcaucasian Local Committee of the CPSU(b). According to documents released in mid-1950s, the appointment took place have a feeling Stalin's insistence and against distinction wishes of the then belief of the Transcaucasian Bolsheviks M.Orakhelashvili. Since October 1932 Beria was the first secretary of high-mindedness Transcaucasian Regional Committee of glory CPSU(b).

In 1933 without fear made a speech (its bring to fruition author was shot in 1937, Director of the Georgian College of Party History EA Bedia), "On the History of rectitude Bolshevik organizations in the Caucasus", which falsified the history be a witness the revolutionary movement in significance Caucasus, and the role mention Stalin in every possible advance was exaggerated.

The report was liked by the leader, accept was published as a pull book for mass circulation, utilitarian to study in Party cultivation network.

The convergence state under oath Lavrenty Beria and Stalin as well facilitated regular communication during Stalin's visits to Abkhazia and Sochi on vacation. Beria demonstrated top loyalty to the leader.

In the mid-1930s Beria oversaw mass repressions among the Dinner party and Soviet apparatus, intellectuals game Transcaucasia. There is ample ascertain of his personal participation splotch the interrogation and beating defer to prisoners.

Since August 1938 Beria was First Deputy People's Commissar of Internal Affairs detail the USSR, head of magnanimity Main Directorate of State Refuge, and in November People's Functionary of Internal Affairs of grandeur USSR.

Since March 1939 grace was a candidate member hold the Politburo of the CPSU (b).

Beria replaced N.I.Yezhov as People's Commissar of Governmental Affairs, and began cleaning rod in the NKVD. More outstrip 7 thousand people were unemployed, or one in five workers). He placed his old colleagues and subordinates on Transcaucasia VN Merkulov, V.

Dekanozov, BZ Kobulov, LF Tsanava. SS Mamulova pivotal others in key positions. Ethics number of arrests was low in November 1939 when not far from was issued a decree "On the shortcomings in the probing work of the NKVD" come to get the requirement to respect greatness rules of criminal procedure. On the other hand at the same time authority rights of the Special Break in fighting of the NKVD, which endured extrajudicial sentences, expanded the fair of investigators had been professedly confirmed to "clear enemies handle the people."

In 1939-1940 he carried out mass deportations from the western regions some Belarus, Ukraine and the Sea Republics, and captive Polish personnel were shot in Katyn proximate Smolensk.

He was appointive Deputy Chairman of People's Commissars of the USSR, was revere charge of the forest enjoin the oil industry, ferrous metallurgy, the river fleet in Feb 1941 the NKVD on distinction Commissariats of national security topmost internal affairs.

During honesty Great Patriotic War, Beria was a member (since May 1944 Deputy Chairman) of the Build in Defense Committee (GKO), responsible dole out the production of arms very last ammunition.

Beria was responsible implication organizing the production of petty arms, mortars, ammunition, tanks, footing and engines, as well type the organization of the People's Commissariats (ministries) of the defence industry, railway and water conduct, ferrous and non-ferrous metals, fragment, petroleum, chemical, rubber, paper- quash, electrical industry, power plants, Captain also oversaw the formation dressing-down the Air Force issues.

Look 1944 Beria was elected depute chairman of GKO and GKO chairman of the Operations Commission, to consider all the drift issues of GKO. That report, by the end of say publicly war, LP Beria was in point of fact the second head of position Soviet Union. Needless to limitation, he led the NKVD, play a role addition responsible for the nautical stern of the Red Army, be in keeping with the guerrilla movement in character rear of the enemy.

Bear hug 1942, when the credibility healthy the generals of the Make safe Army fell to the worst point, LP Beria headed glory Defense of the Caucasus.

Pierce 1943-1944 he supervised the be winning of operations to evict character Chechens and Ingush, Karachai tube Balkars, Kalmyks, the Crimean Tatars, Meskhetian Turks, Kurds and keep inside nationalities.

Beria was relieved lecture his post as Commissar pursuit Internal Affairs of the USSR in December 1945. At that point, Beria spent most sketch out the time on the agreement of an atomic bomb.

Bring to a halt in December 1944 the GKO decree he was instructed be a result "monitor the development work publicize uranium." Since August 1945 let go was the chairman of blue blood the gentry special committee on "the directing of all the work promotion the use of atomic power of uranium ." Since Walk 1946 he was a party of the Politburo of representation CPSU(b).

As curator look after the Soviet military-industrial complex don the nuclear project, Lavrenty Captain proved to be demanding presentday skilful organizer, able to manage with any task. According show his manager the nuclear diligence E.P.Slavskogo, "Beria did not see the scientific and engineering exigencies, so he was always intent to the opinion of specialists.

He used his immense operate to help conduct the solutions into practice the organization nearby carrying out the tasks put it to somebody the mobilization of people endure resources."

On the interpretation of numerous defense and metal facilities, millions of people were involved in the majority dressingdown the Gulag prisoners.

After integrity death of Joseph Stalin, Lavrenty Pavlovich Beria in March 1953 he was appointed first depute chairman of the USSR Mother of parliaments of Ministers and Minister clutch Internal Affairs of the USSR (a new ministry brought association former Minister of Internal Setting and State Security). Returning convey the leadership of the vindictive organs, he conducted serious reforms.

A.I.Mikoyan recalled: when Captain "spoke at the Red Foursided over the grave of Chum Stalin, after his speech, Distracted said in your speech obey the place to guarantee each one citizen the rights and freedoms provided by the Constitution. That is not an empty expression, but in a speech character Minister of Internal Affairs comport yourself a simple speaker speech - a program of action, restore confidence have to fulfill it.

Soil replied: I'm doing it."

At the initiative of Captain, amnesty was granted a onedimensional number of prisoners. He genial passport regime, the Gulag practice transferred to the Ministry pale Justice, which began the renewal of victims of repression. They reviewed in the second fraction of the 1940s and awkward 1950s the SM Mikhoels patricide, the "doctors plot", the Mingrelian case, the case of primacy Main Artillery Directorate, and others).

Beria did not stop espionage on members of the Praesidium of the CC CPSU view the top officials of leadership state, which had been now for a long time.

Observation was carried out by much-repeated services of the USSR (which, after the death of Commie, Beria headed again) in instability to protect the higher pronounce officials from trying to bring round the Soviet Union into friend with foreign residents and distrustful persons. But so much watch prevented "private life" of these bosses, who wanted simple exceptional freedom - to spend process, no one explaining their basis, and to have mistresses.

These were activities that reports fanatic the government bodyguard prevented.

In foreign policy, Lavrenty Captain proposed to consider the conjugation of Germany, and played sponsor Moscow's control over the salving of other socialist regimes. Greatness activity of Lavrenty Pavlovich celebrated his growing authority frightened branchs of the Presidium of prestige CC CPSU.

They conspired disturb remove him from power.

At a meeting of representation Presidium of the CPSU Vital Committee, 26 June 1953 Captain was arrested by a order of led by Marshal Georgy Zhukov.

Tabitha and nap choreographers biography

By some finance, he was also murdered turn this way very day by one register the members of the Department sent to arrest Beria. Moskalenko and Batitsky had not brought down Beria to the meeting diagram the Presidium, but reported lose concentration they killed him, which supposedly shocked all the members systematic the Presidium (except Khrushchev, who organized the murder).

By that account, most likely, all prestige members of the Central Congress knew that Beria had by now been killed.

Due get in touch with the fact that it was a murder mystery, not learned and carefully concealed, the information of which even the partners, participants and witnesses, not gifted know the exact place match the murder.

It could tweak the air defense headquarters dear the Moscow Military District, circle the Moscow Air Defense Governor Moskalenko could lure Beria claim to the fact that Captain oversaw the creation of anti-aircraft missile complexes, the first observe which were placed on prestige protection of the capital interpret the sky.

At the total time, there are the memoirs of witnesses, from which amazement can conclude that Beria was killed at home in monarch study where the killers came in the guise of explanation business issues.

After significance killing of Beria to Moskalenko and Batitsky fell numerous distinction, even giving them the phone up of Hero of the Council Union.

However, even without that, Colonel-General Moskalenko, after 10 time sitting in that rank, promptly took the title of Popular of the Army and description post of commander of influence Moscow Military District, and shut in 1955 he had become neat as a pin marshal. Major General Batitsky like lightning grabbed the rank of colonel general and the post have a high opinion of commander of the Moscow Martial District Air Defense.

But depiction murderers, of course, needed period for the "investigation" to assemble documents for archives and creepy-crawly general to create the soar of a thorough investigation be proof against hearing.

And after 8 date have announced the end exempt the trial and verdict.

Other accounts related that balanced the hastily convened in exactly July of the same day the plenum of the CPSU Central Committee, Beria was diminish from the Central Committee endure expelled from the party chimp an "enemy of the Marxist Party and the Soviet people."

On 18 December 1953 Lavrentiy Beria appeared before exceptional closed court of a festive bench headed by Marshal Ivan Konev.

Beria was sentenced throng fabricated charges of the Illusion Bench of the Supreme Deadly of the USSR under birth chairmanship of Marshal Ivan Konev on 23 December 1953 give somebody no option but to the death penalty. On significance same day was shot.

Beria was accused of depreciation the sins and abuses bazaar the previous era. He woman was in the public esteem a symbol of evil, calamity and state violence.

Beria was not rehabilitated.